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Diet and World Hunger(İ ָ)
ä 2007-04-04 13:06:13



Diet and World Hunger(İ ָ)

Worldwide, nearly a billion people suffer from chronic hunger. 24,000 people per day or 8.8 million per year die from hunger or related causes. Three-fourths are children under five. Chronic hunger causes stunted growth, poor vision, listlessness, and susceptibility to disease.

10 ָ ް ִ. Ϸ翡 24000, 1⿡ 8õ 8鸸 ָ̳ ָ ο ״´. 3/4 5 ̴. ָ ߰ ϰ, ÷ ȭŰ ϰ Ͽ ̸ Ѵ.

Global malnutrition is largely the consequence of inequitable distribution and waste of food resources. Only 10% of hunger deaths are attributed to catastrophic events like famine or war.

κ й ̴. ״ 10% ٰ ﰰ ǿ ȴ.

Hunger is a complex problem, but huge amounts of waste occur because of non-sustainable practices related to animal agriculture, such as depletion of cultivable land, topsoil, water, energy, and minerals, and the extremely inefficient process of converting plants-based foods into animal-based foods. More information is available from the Global Hunger alliance.

ָ , κ ϵ Ͼ. , , , , , ׸ Ĺ ٲٴ ̴. (the Global Hunger alliance) Լ϶.

Role of Animal Agriculture


A meat-based diet requires 10-20 times as much land as a plant-based diet. Nearly half of the world's grains and soybeans are fed to animals, resulting in a huge waste of food calories. The extent of waste is such that even a 10% drop in US meat consumption would make sufficient food available to feed the world's starving millions.

ǰ Ĺ ǰ 10-20 䱸Ѵ. ¿ Կµ װ û ̴. ̱ Һ 10% δٸ 鸸 ָ ִ ̴.

Moreover, animal agriculture has been devastating the world's agricultural land. The process begins with clear-cutting of forests to create cattle pastures. Eventually, the pastures are plowed under and used to grow animal feedcrops. Depletion of topsoil and minerals begins soon after the trees are cut down and escalates with tilling.

Դٰ ȲȭŰ ִ. Ͽ ۵, ᱹ Ƽ ޿ Ḧ Ű ̿ȴ.

Without the plant growth to hold it in place, topsoil, laden with minerals, fertilizer, and organic debris, is carried by the runoff of rain and melting snow into nearby streams.

ڸ Ű Ĺ踦 , ȭк, ̷ ׿ ۾, ó ﹰ .

The insatiable demand for animal feedcrops leads to the use of sloping land with greater runoff and arid land requiring irrigation. Irrigation accounts for more than 80% of all water available for human use, leading to widespread water shortages.

Ḧ Ž彺 䱸 ̿ϰ ǰ, ̰ ȴ. ΰ ̿ ִ 80% ̻ Ͽ ̸.

Future Outlook
̷

Western agribusiness interests, faced with saturated markets and increasingly stringent environmental regulations at home, seek to export factory farming practices and to expand the demand for their products in developing countries.

ȯ Կ ȭ° ϰ ڵ ߵ󱹿 ϴ ϰ ׵ ǰ 䱸 ȮŰ Ѵ.

This expansion of the meat industry brings a number of disastrous consequences. It would exacerbate the mal-distribution and waste of food resources. The resulting drawdown of grain supplies would precipitate major famines. The public health impacts would impose an intolerable economic burden. The impacts on soil, water, and wildlife would threaten fragile ecosystems.

Ļ â ʷѴ. װ ߸ й ȭų ̴. ū ٿ ̴. ǿ ̴. , ׸ ߻ °踦 ̴.

The sustainable cultivation of plant foods favored by developing countries offers a safe, nutritious, and affordable solution to hunger and malnutrition. Fruits, vegetables, grains and legumes can be grown in most climates and on small plots of land. Such crops require minimal investment in equipment, fertilizers, pesticides, water, and energy, and they cause negligible soil degradation and water pollution.

ߵ󱹿 Ǵ Ϸ Ĺ ָ ϰ, , ذå ش. , ä, , κ Ŀ ִ. ׷ ĵ ּ ǰ, , , , ڸ 䱸Ѵ. ׸ װ͵ ߰ Ų.

Diet and the Environment
İ ȯ

Animal agriculture is more devastating to our natural environment than all other human activities combined. This devastation impacts land, water, air, and wildlife.

ΰ  ٸ ൿ 츮 ڿȯ ȲȭŲ. Ȳȭ , , , ߻ ģ.

Land


Animal agriculture has been turning lush forests and prairies into barren deserts since the dawn of human history. The process begins with clear-cutting of forests to create pastures for cattle and other ruminants. This is a major loss, because trees provide wildlife habitats, keep topsoil in place, replenish groundwater aquifers, absorb carbon dioxide, and stabilize climate.

η 簡 ۵ ̷ ʿ Ȳ 縷 ٲپ. Ͽ ҳ ǻϴ Ѵ. ̰ û ս̴. ֳϸ ߻ ó ϰ ڸ ǥ Ű, ϼ Ű, ź갡 ϰ, ĸ Ű ̴.

As the pastures become overgrazed, they are plowed under and turned into animal feed croplands. With little or no plant growth to hold it in place, topsoil is carried by rain and melting snow into streams and lakes, and its productive capacity is lost forever. This process is accelerate d by the use of marginal sloping lands to meet the insatiable demand for animal feed.

Ǯ ҿ ġ Ǹ ڵ Ƽ ̸ ִ ٲ۴. ڸ ǥ ϱ Ĺ ϰų ƿ ϰ Ǹ ǥ ۾ 귯 ó̳ ȣ ƹ. ׸Ͽ Ҿ ȴ. ̸ 屸 Ű ּ μ ȭȴ.

Water


The rain and melting snow that runs off animal feed croplands and factory farms dumps more pollution into our lakes, streams, and estuaries than all other human activities combined.

Ḧ ɱ⿡ ˸ 귯 , ٸ ΰ ൿ յ 츮 ȣ, ó, .

The cropland runoff contains soil particles, salts, organic debris, fertilizer, and pesticides. Soil particles smother fish eggs and bottom dwelling organisms and block stream flow. Salts, primarily sodium and potassium chloride, raise the salinity of the water, rendering it unsuitable for certain organisms.

帣 ڵ, ұ, ⹰, , ִ. ڵ ˰ ٴڿ ⹰ ĽŰ, ﹰ 帧 ´. ұ, ַ Ʈ, Į, ȭ , ұ  ⹰ ϰ .

Organic debris feeds microorganisms that deplete the water's oxygen supply and kill the fish. Fertilizers spur algal blooms that smother or actually attack aquatic organisms. Pesticides kill all living organisms.

⹰ ν ҽŰ ⸦ ̴ ̻ Ѵ. ⹰ ϰų ĽŰ ȭ Ѵ. ִ ⹰ δ.

Animals raised for food in the US produce 130 times the amount of waste that people do. This waste, containing pathogens and hormones, is stored in huge open cesspools, euphemistically called 'lagoons'.

̱ ķ Ű  130踦 . հ ȣ ϴ Ĺ Ѳ , û ū ̿ Ǵµ, ȣ Ҹ.

Eventually, this waste winds up in the nearest waterway, killing aquatic organisms directly or through formation of algal blooms. Waste from mid-Atlantic pig and poultry factory farms has destroyed fisheries along the Eastern seaboard and the Gulf of Mexico. Some of the waste leaks into the ground, poisoning vital groundwater supplies.

ᱹ, Ȥ οȭ ¸ ؼ, ӿ ⹰ ̴ Ĺ Ͽ ÷. 뼭 ߰ ִ , 忡 Ĺ ؾȰ ƽ ıѴ. Ĺ Ϻδ ߿ ϼ ޿ ظ ģ.

Animal agriculture's insatiable demand for land presses into service arid lands that require irrigation. Irrigation now accounts for more than 80% of all water available for use in the US and leads to critical water shortages, particularly in the Western states.

𸣴 䱸 鿩߸ ϴ ̿ϰ Ǿ. ̱ ִ 80%̻ ϰ Ƿ Ư ֿ ɰϰ ϰ Ǿ.

Air


Wind erosion from animal croplands is the largest source of airborne particles, which irritate respiratory passages and make them more susceptible to respiratory infections. Factory farms produce a stench that poses a major nuisance (and possibly hazard) to neighbors for miles around. Methane emitted by cattle and carbon dioxide generated by the power plants that operate factory farms are major contributors to global warming.

dzۿ ڸ μ ũ ߻ ̴. װ ȣ ¥ ϰ, ȣθ Ⱘ ɸ Ѵ. ó ̿鿡 ߿ (¼ ִ) ġ 븦 . ҿ ź ϴ ҿ Ǵ ̻ȭźҴ ³ȭ ߿ ̴.

http://www.meatout.org/facts.html#health
http://blog.naver.com/lwb22028/50174279669

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